Category: CaptionCall

An overwhelming majority — 92% — of older adults reported that they would prefer to live out their golden years in their current home.  In fact, the percentage of older adults checking in to assisted living or nursing homes has declined over the past 20 years.

As a culture, Americans place a high value on independence. The ability to be self-reliant and maintain control over one’s own life is a source of confidence, self-esteem, and (perhaps counterintuitively) a feeling of belonging for many.

Aging in place is clearly a popular dream, but achieving it is easier said than done. This article will cover:

• Why independence is so beneficial as you age
• Common issues that may get in the way
• Actionable tips to help you prepare yourself or your loved ones to continue to enjoy an active and independent lifestyle for years to come

The impact of aging on independence 

Older age groups in the U.S. are growing faster than their younger counterparts, with the number of people over the age of 65 on track to rise from 56 million in 2020 to 95 million by 2060. By 2030, nearly 1 in 5 Americans will be in this age group. It’s a big demographic, and one that’s growing quickly. 

As you age, any number of health concerns can crop up that eat away at your independence. Chronic illnesses begin to become more apparent, loss of mobility can start a vicious cycle, hearing and sight can start to make it more difficult to take calls or handle paperwork, and a myriad of other issues begin to make themselves known. 

Common age-related issues 

Getting older impacts your independence in three broad ways: reduced hearing, reduced vision, and mobility issues. These are very common among seniors in the U.S.

• 31.1% of people aged 65 and older experience hearing loss
• 40.3% over the age of 75 experience hearing loss
• 23.3% of people over 65 have vision loss
• 40% of seniors reporting trouble with things like walking or climbing stairs

Why personal independence matters 

To be clear, when we talk about “independence,” we don’t mean “never needing or asking for help from anyone.” Everyone needs a hand every now and again. In fact, that kind of community support can help you achieve the type of independence we’re talking about — the ability to age in place without constant care.  

This kind of independence is an important part of mental health. It gives you a sense of autonomy, purpose, and control over your life. After living independently for decades, loss of independence can be a big blow to your self-esteem.   

Tips for staying independent as you age 

There is no shame in deciding to take advantage of assisted living options, and many of them have great programs in place to help their residents maintain a sense of independence. Still, 77% of Americans over the age of 50 say they prefer to age in place. 

So here are a few tips that can help you maintain your independence as you age:  

Physical Activity 

Regular exercise is the best way to prevent mobility issues down the line. Whether you can go for bike rides, swim, do Pilates, hit the weights, or just go out for a nice walk, any level of activity can be beneficial. 

Depending on your age and health, it may be a good idea to talk with your doctor before starting a new exercise regimen. They can help you set reasonable goals and identify workouts that will work for you. 

Here are a few keys to keep in mind when developing your own exercise routine:

• Start simple: Treadmills have lower settings for a reason. Walking can be an excellent aerobic exercise to start building endurance.
• Never skip a warmup: Especially as you get up there in years, preparing your body for a workout will help you avoid injury and make the most of the workout. Hop on a stationary bike for a few minutes or go through some active stretches that get your body moving, bring your heart rate up gradually, and loosen up your muscles.
• Everyone — even you — can benefit from strength training: The goal doesn’t have to be bulky muscle mass; training key muscle groups can help with your balance, posture, and even bone density.
• Soreness is different than pain: If a joint or a muscle hurt for longer than a day or two, stop exercising that area and consult your doctor. They can diagnose whether you have a more serious problem or injury and may even be able to suggest alternative exercises to help you stay active while avoiding pain. 

The key to any workout routine is consistency. Find an activity that gets you moving and stick to it.

Cognitive Health 

Keeping your body fit is great, but it’s just as important to break the occasional mental sweat. Daily crossword puzzles and similar brain games are a fun way to keep your mind sharp, but they’re only part of the picture. It’s also important to maintain other mentally stimulating habits, like reading, listening to or playing music, and most importantly, staying socially active. 

Studies have found a link between socializing and both mental flexibility and brain resilience. Similarly, research shows that maintaining close friendships delays mental decline. Face-to-face interactions with other people can activate parts of your nervous system that regulate stress and anxiety.  

Plus, social interaction presents critical learning experiences no matter how old you are. Everyone has something they can teach you, and everyone is capable of surprising you. 

Find opportunities to interact with your local community and get to know your neighbors. Enroll in group classes, get involved with some charity work, or find clubs centered around your interests.  

Home Modifications  

There’s plenty you can do to prepare yourself, body and mind, to age in place. There’s also another factor to the equation — the place. An AARP survey found that nearly three quarters (71%) of adults said their homes and some accessibility issues.  

Fortunately, there’s an entire world of products designed to help you overcome home accessibility hurdles based on your particular needs. 

For example, if you’re worried about getting around your house, you can install grab bars in key locations, replace loose rugs with non-slip alternatives, swap corded vacuums with rechargeable cordless versions (or, better yet, autonomous robot vacuum cleaners). 

Improving your indoor lighting can help if you’ve noticed your vision is going, and it also makes a big difference in preventing falls. You can also get low-intensity non-prescription glasses from just about any pharmacy and even invest in some personal magnifying glasses to keep in high-use areas.  

There are also services like CaptionCall, which provide real-time captioning at no cost for people with hearing loss who need captions to understand phone calls. It even comes with a captioned landline phone included!

Check out our article with more ideas about how to modify your home for aging in place. 

Embrace Technology 

We’ve touched on this above, but it bears repeating — in the quest for self-reliance, technology can be your friend. Technology that makes it easier for you to stay connected with your family, your community, your doctors, repair or delivery services — basically anyone outside your home — is probably worth learning to use.  

Smartphones enable communication anywhere, offering reliable applications for everything from video calling to home grocery deliveries. They can even sync with smart home appliances, allowing you to control lights, air conditioning, televisions, and even window blinds with a few taps on your phone. Getting comfortable with a smartphone can go a long way toward ensuring greater independence as you get older. 

Another technology worth highlighting is telehealth portals — online communication systems that allow your doctor to share important medical information and updates with you. Doctors often use this as a follow-up to an appointment, sometimes even as an alternative to an otherwise unnecessary appointment. They can provide lab results, complete with your doctor’s notes for you to review at any time to ensure you have a better understanding of your own health. 

Ask for Help When Needed 

Independence doesn’t mean never asking for help. It means knowing how to proactively get the help you need when you need it. Nobody gets by entirely on their own; it always takes a village. 

When you start having trouble with health, mobility, or any other issue that might impact your ability to take care of yourself, it's best to address it immediately. Consult your friends, family, neighbors, doctors, and other professionals where appropriate to find a solution that will help you maintain your independence. Accepting help from home health aids or through regular check-ins from loved ones will help you extend your years of living independently. 

As the U.S. senior population climbs, so does hearing loss. More than 30% of seniors 65 and older experience hearing loss, reaching 40% for those 75 and older.¹ A sudden or gradual hearing loss can be a jarring experience for seniors already dealing with health or community issues.

Social isolation is a lack of contact or meaningful interaction with friends, family, and the larger community. As one gets older, social isolation can occur due to health issues, the deaths of loved ones, and especially hearing loss. Add this to the fact that 27% of adults aged 60 and older live alone.² Older adults may already be coping with social isolation when they begin losing their hearing.³ Since communication is the root of social interaction, hearing loss can sap enjoyment of social activity. Conversations become muffled and faded, forcing a retreat into solitude. Seniors with hearing loss use tools to support their communication and independence. These solutions include:

• Captioned phone service⁴
• Mobile apps⁵
• Hearing aids

With assistive technology becoming more accessible, social isolation among seniors with hearing loss can be alleviated.⁶

Understanding social isolation in the context of hearing loss

Social isolation is a significant challenge for seniors with hearing loss. It concerns not only the physical aspect of being unable to hear but also the social and psychological effects. The psychological impact of hearing loss can be profound, leading to emotional distress, frustration, and cognitive overload. I am reminded of my grandmother, who began losing her hearing in her 70s. Before that, she was talkative and loved sharing stories, but she became withdrawn when she realized she couldn’t follow conversations at the family table. One-on-one conversations became the norm for her. She loved shopping if only one person went with her, but she was not the same person she had been before the hearing loss. For Paul, 82, the impact of social isolation alleviated when he got his first pair of hearing aids. They help him feel included in conversations, and he doesn’t say “What?” as often anymore. Living alone affords him the solitude he craves, surrounded by books and art, and he has regular social engagements. Seniors who crave social interaction often find hearing loss robs them of this joy. Consequences can include:

• Decreased social activity
• Miscommunication and misunderstandings
• Strained family relationships
• Stigma⁷

Challenges for seniors with hearing loss

Hearing loss can make everyday interactions discouraging. Some common frustrations can include:

• Phone conversations
• Group conversations
• TV and film viewing
• Discerning speech and sounds
• Living independently
• Social misunderstandings

Hearing loss also affects quality of life in many ways:

• Limited access to treatment: The stigma of hearing loss can prevent seniors from accessing hearing aids and assistive technologies8 when needed. Lack of awareness and access are also factors.
• Increased health risks: Studies show links between hearing loss and cognitive decline, falls, and depression.⁹
• Insufficient healthcare communication: Hearing loss can lead to misunderstandings and miscommunication between seniors and healthcare professionals, which can have serious health consequences.
• Poor communication: Communication challenges can lead to low interest in social activity, frustration, and detachment.

While these challenges can be overwhelming, solutions such as assistive listening devices¹⁰ and family support can help seniors regain their independence.

Benefits of staying socially connected

Maintaining social connections is good for everyone, not only seniors. Here’s how being socially engaged yields benefits for seniors with hearing loss:

1. Better mental health: Daily social interactions stave off depression and anxiety.¹¹
2. Improved cognition: Social activity keeps the brain active and sharp.¹²
3. A longer life: Studies show that strong social connections can improve lifespan.¹³
4. Improved emotional health: Sharing life experiences with others boosts quality of life. Having confidants is invaluable during tough times.
5. Sense of belonging: Being part of a community helps seniors feel valued.
6. Promotes physical activity: Social activities involving group exercises and daily walks encourage movement.
7. Improved well-being: Socially active seniors report being happier and more content.

A crucial aspect of supporting social connections for a senior with hearing loss is using hearing aids. However, only 1 in 6 people with hearing loss uses this technology.¹⁴ Despite more seniors experiencing hearing loss yearly, hearing aid use is seeing slow growth.

Technology’s role in combating social isolation

Assistive technology’s continued advancements are a boon for seniors with hearing loss, giving them ways to combat social isolation and protect themselves. Here’s how this technology plays a vital role in allaying social isolation:

• Video calls: Services like Skype and FaceTime enable seniors to converse face-to-face with friends and family.
• Mobile apps: Many apps, including CaptionCall Mobile and Sound Amplifier for iPhone, are available to seniors with hearing loss.¹⁵
• Telehealth services: Telehealth became more available during the COVID-19 pandemic and enables easier access to healthcare services.¹⁶
• Smart home devices: These devices connect to the internet and can help seniors live more independently without relying on others. Some examples are Google Home, ecobee Smart Thermostat, and SimpliSafe Home Security System.
• Personal Emergency Response Systems (PERS): These come in wearable devices that seniors can use to contact emergency services and family members.¹⁷

Seniors today overall are growing more comfortable with technology, with 81% of adults 60 to 69 years of age owning a smartphone.¹⁸ However, there’s high interest among seniors to make smart technology more user friendly.¹⁹

CaptionCall: A key tool to stay connected

Sorenson, the leading language services provider for the Deaf and hard-of-hearing worldwide, provides no-cost captioned phone services for seniors with hearing loss who need captions to use the phone effectively²⁰ through CaptionCall and CaptionCall Mobile.²¹ CaptionCall benefits include:

• Live captions in time with conversation
• Adjustable amplification settings
• Saved transcripts
• Stored contacts
• Real-time captions for 911 calls
• Captioned voicemails

A leader in the industry, Sorenson is paving the way for seniors to maintain solid social connections through captioned phone services. CaptionCall is part of a federally funded program, so Sorenson doesn’t charge users for the service or equipment.

Practical tips to alleviate social isolation among seniors with hearing Loss

We know social isolation can affect a senior’s health and well-being. People with hearing loss who need captions to use the phone the same way a hearing person does can stay connected through captioned phone calls:

• CaptionCall: Sorenson’s CaptionCall service for landline phones converts speech to text, which helps seniors easily follow conversations and creates a gratifying experience.
• CaptionCall Mobile: The mobile caption app is useful away from home and for those who prefer using a smartphone or tablet. This has the same features and benefits as CaptionCall.

CaptionCall by Sorenson provides user-friendly guides and customer support, as well as complimentary delivery, installation, and training.²²

In addition to getting CaptionCall for captioned phone calls, these tips can extend your social connections beyond friends and family:

• Join a local community group: Explore the local senior center or church. Many of them have a range of activities, from cooking to exercise classes. Search Facebook groups, Meetup | Find Local Groups, Events, and Activities Near You , and AARP.
• Volunteer: Volunteering can provide a sense of purpose. Check out VolunteerMatch and Create the Good.²³ You can also contact local organizations.
• Maintain connections online: With assistive technologies and social media, staying in touch with family and friends is easier than ever.
• Explore online learning: Signing up for online courses and workshops is a way to meet others while exploring interests.
• Join a support group: This provides a safe space for sharing your experiences and getting emotional support.²⁴
• Find a community garden: Being outside in nature is therapy for many people, and this is a wonderful way to connect with neighbors.²⁵
• Engage in daily physical activity: Look for exercise groups tailored for seniors.
• Adopt a pet: There are many health benefits to owning a pet.²⁶
• Engage with younger people: Young people and seniors can both learn from the other generation.Learn something new: Exploring a new hobby or interest can lead to new friends and more fulfilling experiences.

Conclusion

Social isolation among seniors with hearing loss is a grave issue but with assistive technology — including CaptionCall by Sorenson — it is possible to break down communication barriers and stay connected.

Maintaining social connections for seniors contributes to increased health, well-being, and longevity. Embracing modern technology can grant seniors newfound confidence and a higher quality of life.

Sorenson is here to help you take advantage of CaptionCall’s features and benefits. We encourage you to reach out and connect with us to build stronger ties with your family and community. Sign up for CaptionCall today.

Sources

1. Hearing Loss Statistics 2024: More Common Than You Might Think
2. Older people are more likely to live alone in the U.S. than elsewhere in the world
3. NCBI - WWW Error Blocked Diagnostic
4. Captioned Phones for Seniors
5. The Best Hearing Loss Apps of 2023 - Sorenson
6. A Longitudinal Framework to Describe the Relation Between Age-Related Hearing Loss and Social Isolation - Aysha Motala, Ingrid S. Johnsrude, Björn Herrmann, 2024
7. The Stigma of Hearing Loss
8. Assistive Devices for People with Hearing, Voice, Speech, or Language Disorders
9. Hearing Loss and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults
10. Assistive Devices for People with Hearing, Voice, Speech, or Language Disorders
11. Social Connection
12. 3 ways to build brain-boosting social connections - Harvard Health .
13. Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review
14. Reasons for Low Hearing Loss Treatment
15. The Best Hearing Loss Apps of 2023 - Sorenson
16. The State of Telehealth Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
17. Best Personal Emergency Response Systems (PERS)
18. 2020 Tech Trends of the 50+
19. 2023 Tech Trends: No End in Sight for Age 50+ Market Growth
20. Senior Living Residents - Sorenson
21. Captioned Phones for Seniors
22. Captioned Phones for Seniors
23. Create the Good: Find Volunteer Opportunities Near You
24. Joining a Hearing Loss Support Group
25. What is a Community Garden?
26. How Having a Pet Can Benefit Your Health

Worried your hearing might going? You’re not alone! Hearing loss impacts almost one-third (30.9%) of Americans over the age of 65 and around 60.7 million Americans as young as 12 years old.^1,2

On top of that, there has been a dramatic rise in the global rates of hearing loss over the past few years, with the World Health Organization estimating the number of people with hearing loss to double by 2050.³

Much of that growth is among younger people. According to a recent national study, about 12% of children between ages 6 and 9 have permanent hearing damage from exposure to excessive noise, often related to listening to music at high volumes with earbuds.^4,5

Why it’s important to address hearing loss  

When it comes to our bodies, an absence of sensation is often more difficult to notice than a new ache or pain. That’s why losing hearing in one ear may be easier to notice than gradual loss on both sides. Add social stigma around hearing loss, and it’s no surprise that it often goes undiagnosed and unaddressed. 

According to one estimate, as much as 80% of hearing loss goes undiagnosed.⁶ This may not seem like a big deal. After all, many people who were born deaf or have adapted to limited hearing over the course of their lifetimes don’t see it as a problem. However, when hearing individuals start to lose that sense and don’t make necessary adjustments, it can contribute to serious issues.  

Untreated/undiagnosed hearing loss can have considerable negative impacts on quality of life. 

• Linked to an increased risk of depression, especially in older adults⁷
• Linked to increased social isolation
• Linked to reduced income/job opportunities⁸
• Linked to an increased risk of falling or other accidents⁹
• Linked to increased risk for dementia¹⁰

What causes hearing loss? 

You may think of hearing loss as one of those things that just happens as you age — like back pain or getting really into WWII documentaries. However, there are certain risk factors that may contribute to hearing loss, as well as precautions you can take to protect your ears as you age.  

Risk factors for hearing loss 

• Aging — The parts of your ears responsible for detecting sounds break down with time.
• Genetics — Some types of hearing loss can be inherited through your DNA.
• Noisy work environments — If you spend your entire workday around loud equipment, you’re at a higher risk of noise-induced hearing loss, though wearing ear protection can help mitigate that risk. Headphones playing music do not count as ear protection — in fact, they can make it worse!
• Loud hobbies — Spending your free time in noisy environments like concerts or around explosive sounds like guns can be dangerous for your hearing. Again, wearing proper ear protection can reduce the risk of these activities.
• Certain medications — Some medications, including some antibiotics, some chemotherapy drugs, and even some over-the-counter painkillers can increase the chances of someone losing their hearing.¹¹ Consult a physician or look for warning labels about “ototoxicity,” which is the term for this kind of damage if you’re concerned about any medications you may be taking.
• Certain illnesses — Meningitis and other diseases that cause high fever can damage your hearing. 

Types of hearing loss 

There are three distinct types of hearing loss:  

Sensorineural hearing loss: occurs when a part of the inner ear or the actual hearing nerve itself gets damaged. This is the most common type of hearing loss and can be caused by any of the factors listed above. While this often happens over a long period of time, loud noises can sometimes cause sudden hearing loss, which should be treated quickly. 

Conductive hearing loss: occurs when an obstruction of some kind prevents sound from passing through the outer or middle ear. This could be related to a buildup of earwax or some other object blocking the ear canal. However, infections, abnormal bone growths, or even damage to the eardrum or ossicles (the three bones attached to the eardrum) can also be the source. 

Mixed hearing loss: is a combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss impacting the middle or outer ear as well as the inner ear. 

Signs of hearing loss in children 

Young children are especially unlikely to be able to recognize when their hearing is going or know how to effectively communicate their situation. 

It’s common to mistake the signs that a child may be experiencing hearing loss for other issues, which is why it’s important for parents, teachers, and other guardians to be alert for a combination of these potential signs:

• Poor enunciation
• Not following instructions
• Confusion or lack of attention in conversation with others
• Setting volume on TVs and other devices very high
• Trouble in school

Many schools administer a free hearing screening to all students at regular intervals, usually every other year beginning in kindergarten or first grade. However, if there is ever a concern about a child’s hearing, or if a child fails a screening at school, the next step is to get a full hearing loss test from an Audiologist. 

Signs of hearing loss in adults 

Even for grown-ups, it can sometimes be difficult to recognize. It can be tempting to write off potential warning signs or chalk it up to something else. 

Below is a list of common signs to watch out for. Read through the list and check those that apply to help you determine whether you or a loved one might be experiencing hearing loss. 

Do you: 

• Have difficulty understanding conversations in noisy environments
• Have difficulty hearing consonants
• Frequently ask people to speak slower
• Frequently ask people to speak louder
• Frequently ask people to speak more clearly
• Hear better in one ear
• Feel exhausted after social gatherings, possibly due to listening fatigue
• Look at people’s mouths when they speak instead of their eyes
• Hear a persistent ringing or buzzing in the ears
• Frequently turn up the volume when watching TV or listening to music
• Have difficulty understanding people on the phone
• Experience dizziness or loss of balance
• Feel pressure within the ear canal
• Speak too loudly 

If you or someone you know checked off a majority of these boxes, it’s time to speak with a doctor about getting your hearing checked. You can ask your primary care physician to or work with your insurance provider to find a hearing specialist or audiologist for further diagnosis and to develop a treatment plan. 

A person with undiagnosed hearing loss may also come across as clumsy or nonsocial. An outside observer may even mistake hearing loss symptoms for age-related cognitive decline.  

Test your hearing at home

Looking for further proof before you set up an appointment with an audiologist? There are plenty of online options for a quick, self-administered hearing check. These are not meant to replace professional hearing screenings, but they can be useful to gauge your current hearing loss. 

Here are a couple of good options to check out:

• AARP’s National Hearing Test — A free phone-based hearing test available to all AARP members. This member benefit can be used once a year.
• Audicus Online Hearing Test — This free online test takes about 20 minutes and requires headphones.
• CheckHearing.org — A 3-step test that doesn’t require any membership and provides results in the form of an audiogram similar to those produced by professional screenings.
• Hear.com — While primarily focused on providing hearing aids, Hear.com also offers a convenient online hearing test that provides a simple score on a scale of 1-10. 

There are also a number of smartphone apps designed to help you test your hearing.

• Mimi Hearing Technologies — This app allows you to test and track your hearing over time, and can even link with certain headphones to personalize your device’s audio output.
• MindEar — With a specific focus on tinnitus relief, MindEar also offers a convenient hearing test for your smartphone. 

Degrees of hearing loss 

Losing your hearing isn’t an all-or-nothing situation. In some circumstances it is possible that it goes all at once, but much more common is a gradual loss of hearing in one or both ears. Most experts organize hearing loss into four commonly used categories based on severity.

Mild

The hearing threshold for mild hearing loss is between 26 and 40 dB in the sound frequencies related to human speech. It may feel like trying to listen through earmuffs. Many people with mild hearing loss are able to manage without treatment, though some may opt for hearing aids, especially in noisy environments. 

Sounds that are difficult to hear with mild hearing loss might include:

• Soft voices or children
• Vowel sounds
• Low-volume notifications or alerts, like car turn signals
• Chirping birds
• A person walking behind you

Moderate 

Moderate hearing loss means you can’t hear 41-70 dB sounds in the speech frequency range. Conversations involve a lot of asking people to repeat themselves. At this level of hearing loss, most people are more comfortable with hearing aids. 

Sounds that are difficult to hear with moderate hearing loss include:

• Most normal conversational speech
• Voices on the phone
• Consonant and vowel sounds
• Light traffic

Severe 

A person with severe hearing loss cannot hear sounds lower than 71-90 dB. At this level of hearing loss, amplification or hearing aids are necessary for comprehension.  

Sounds that are difficult to hear with severe hearing loss include:

• All normal speech
• Some loud noises
• Alarm clocks
• Loud traffic

Profound 

When you can’t hear sounds below 90 dB, you’re suffering from profound hearing loss. At this level, even loud noises aren’t audible without hearing aids or a cochlear implant. Without assistive technology, someone with profound hearing loss relies on reading lips or communicating via sign language. 

Sounds that are difficult to hear with profound hearing loss include:

• Fire alarms
• Power tools
• Food processors
• Lawn mowers 

What to do next 

Just like any health-related issue, don’t simply rely on what you read online. If you’re worried that you or a loved one are experiencing hearing loss, it may be time to set an appointment with an audiologist.  

They will run some hearing loss tests which will produce a unique audiogram, which is a visual representation of your hearing loss. This will show not only the degree of hearing loss in both ears but give you a clear depiction of which frequencies you’re having the most trouble hearing. 

Your audiologist specialist will work with you to develop a treatment plan based on your unique hearing loss profile.

Sources

1. Hearing difficulties among adults: United States, 2019
2. Hearing loss statistics 2025: more common than you might think
3. Deafness and hearing loss
4. Young people wearing earbuds or headphones?Listen up
5. How to prevent hearing loss in young people
6. Deafness and hearing loss statistics
7. Depression and hearing loss
8. Hearing loss and employment: a systematic review of the association between hearing loss and employment among adults
9. Hearing Health Collaborative
10. Hearing loss and the dementia connection
11. 7 Medications that can cause hearing loss

Hearing loss in the workplace is more prevalent than most people realize. More than one out of every seven Americans acknowledge they have some trouble hearing. The Hearing Loss Association of America (HLAA) says hearing loss is the third most common physical condition, with heart disease and arthritis as the top two. And of the 15% of people who report having hearing loss, the HLAA says 60% are either working or in school. 

That means there’s a good chance some of the people working with you have hearing loss, and they may not disclose it to coworkers or employers. It also means most workplaces would benefit from measures to be more accessible and inclusive of the tens of millions of people in the workforce with hearing loss.  

• Read about a day in the work life of a hard-of-hearing professional
• See more hearing loss statistics
• Review accessibility options for your workplace

Why your workplace needs to be inclusive of hearing loss

Given the vast number of people who experience hearing loss, it’s not plausible to exclude them from the workplace.

Jump to see numbers on hearing loss rates

The good news is that many steps toward an accessible work environment cost you nothing, nearly all of them will provide benefits to your entire workforce, and making your workplace more inclusive of people with hearing loss could make it more attractive to valuable hard-of-hearing employees…like Katie: 

A day in the work life of a hard-of-hearing professional 

by Katie Werner  

Every day, five to ten times per day: that’s how often I think about my disability at work. And the more I fear people will be weirded out by it, the more distracting it becomes. 

October is National Disability Employment Awareness Month in the US, which is in part about building inclusion in the workplace. 

Here’s my story: 

I have two hearing aids. In layman’s terms, I have a genetic 40% loss that prevents me from catching little sounds. Was that pat, cat or… gat? 🤦 (Hence the shirt in my photo that cracks me up. 😁 #MisheardLyrics) 

You could say this only impacted my ears, unless you also consider these types of experiences: 

😳  The ear bud phone at my desk…that I can’t wear. *deeply missing speakerphone* 

😳  The group meeting… where I try to wedge myself in the middle to make sure I can hear everyone. *just hoping there’s space* 

😳  The awkward plant tour…where I have to shove my aids in my pocket to wear hearing protection then stay awkwardly close to the speaker. *don’t bump my expensive pocket!* 

😳  The all-employee meeting…where I can only understand certain presenters even if there’s a mic *pretending to engage…ick* 

😳  The cell phone call, when I have to press the button on my hearing aid to change the program and prevent squealing. *again missing speakerphone!* 

😳  Talking to my neighbor…and realizing I didn’t push the button to reprogram back to normal, so her voice is distorted. *wondering if they’ll wonder why I keep poking my ears* 

😳  Learning new names: can you please spell that, so I have even the slightest chance of saying all the sounds? *who the heck did I just meet?* 

😳  Sitting in office space…where everyone tries to speak so quietly to avoid bothering others. *100x harder* 

😳  The four-day-battery-life, which is just long enough to be in an important meeting and have the hearing aid yell “battery!” into my ear, promptly making itself into an ear plug. *panic* 

😳  The realization that very few people at my new company know…and I have to keep sharing because otherwise I can’t get what I need. *yes, I am other* 

And even though the stigma reduces as I get older, I sometimes still feel like that little kid trying with all her might to hide her disability (which gave me so many abilities over my life that I feel guilty being ashamed of it!). 

Hiding…is emotionally exhausting and terribly distracting. But how distracting it is may depend on you. It makes all the world of difference how people react to my needs and quirks (I’m human after all!). 

✖️ If it seems an awkward “why the heck did she say that” moment, I’ll have a hard time refocusing on why we’re here. 

❤️ If someone recognizes the situation and says just about anything with a smile, that goes a ridiculously long way to calming the anxious distraction. 

Hearing-loss statistics 

Katie’s story hits home for a lot of people, in the U.S. and in all corners of the world.  

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports more than 1.5 billion people — or roughly 19 percent of the world population — with hearing loss in at least one ear. By 2050, the organization estimates that number will rise to 2.5 billion. Using world population projections from the United Nations that the global population will hover around 9.8 billion in 2050, that would mean more than one out of every four people would have hearing loss by mid-century. 

In fairness, those statistics cover the full range of hearing loss, and people with slight to mild hearing loss may consider it an inconvenience or annoyance and not something that interferes significantly with daily activities or communication. However, the WHO currently reports 430 million people worldwide with hearing loss that requires intervention to address the impacts, and the organization projects 700 million people will be in that situation by 2050.  

Are rates of hearing loss increasing? 

What do these numbers mean? Is hearing loss becoming more common? In short, yes. When the WHO first reported sensorineural hearing loss statistics in 1985, it estimated 42 million people worldwide had moderate to profound hearing loss out of a global population just shy of 4.9 billion. In the four decades since, the world population has grown by 63%, but the WHO’s latest hearing loss estimate of 466 million people with disabling hearing loss is a 1109% increase. 

Moreover, while the rate of hearing loss increases with age, it’s increasingly impacting young people, largely due to increased noise exposure. In a 2022 study, researchers concluded that up to 1.35 billion teens and young adults globally are at risk of permanent hearing loss due to unsafe listening practices.

Hiring Veterans with hearing loss 

Hearing loss disproportionately affects Veterans. It is the most common military service-related condition, affecting at least 3.6 million Americans. The most recent available numbers from the Department of Veterans Affairs show more than 1.3 million Veterans qualified for disability compensation for hearing loss in 2020, and another 2.3 million claimed compensation for tinnitus.

Those numbers only cover individuals with hearing difficulty significant enough to qualify for benefits, not those who experience mild to moderate hearing loss. A 2016 study from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) suggests 27% of Veterans have at least some trouble hearing.

For employers who pride themselves on hiring Veterans, hearing loss inclusion in the workplace is a must. 

Accessibility measures for hearing loss in the workplace 

Making your workplace more inclusive for people with hearing loss doesn’t have to break the bank, and as part of a robust Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) strategy it can boost productivity and performance for your whole team. Several of the solutions below have no additional associated costs: 

Employees whose hearing loss makes captions necessary to use the phone qualify for call captioning at no cost — to them or to their employer — through an FCC-funded program.

Eligible individuals may already use call captioning services like CaptionCall by Sorenson at home, and they can get the same service for work. The service creates live captions of phone conversations and displays them on the large, interactive screen of a specialized phone, which CaptionCall also provides at no cost as part of the service. When qualified individuals request call captioning for work, the CaptionCall team will follow up with the employer about installation.

Hard-of-hearing workers who aren’t at a desk all day can qualify for captioning on the go if they need captions for their phone calls. CaptionCall Mobile is a mobile app that generates instant, accurate captions of cell phone calls and displays them on screen like a text messaging thread. The no-cost app has the same eligibility standards as CaptionCall, and users can download it, self-certify their need directly through the app, and start using the call captioning service within minutes.

Both CaptionCall for desk phone-based captioning and CaptionCall Mobile’s mobile app-based call captioning include two additional benefits to real-time captioning:

• Saved transcripts of calls that users can review for details they may have missed, which is particularly useful for verifying details, including numbers, dates, and names.
• Compatibility with Bluetooth hearing aids to not only avoid interference but allow users to pair hearing aids with their device for better audio delivery.

Put it in writing: agendas, notes, follow-up

Your entire team — regardless of hearing ability — can benefit from written summaries of key information. Making a habit of sharing expectations, action items, presentations, and notes in writing provides insurance against team members mishearing or forgetting important details. It’s doubly beneficial to document project progress and timelines for your records.

Captioning 

The same benefits we mentioned above for phone call captioning apply to situations outside of phone calls. For meetings, media, training, or conferences, captioning audio increases accessibility for people with hearing loss, visual learners, and non-native language users. 

CART Captioning 

Communication Access Realtime Translation (CART) captioning produces live captions of spoken and unspoken audio so users can follow along in real time. The majority of live captioning services — including built-in captioning on smartphones and video conferencing software — use Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) software to produce low-cost captions.   

Closed Captions, Open Captions, and Transcription 

Many people use closed captions to consume media, even if they have perfect hearing. It’s become a staple of how we view television, movies, and online videos because it’s helpful for hearing loss, noisy environments, and listening comprehension. Open captions serve the same purpose. The only difference between them is that users can turn closed captions on or off, while open captions are a permanent addition to your media that appear for everyone. 

Transcription services create a full text version of your live or recorded audio as a document to accompany your media, distribute as a supplement or substitute for note-taking, and save for your records. 

Assistive-listening systems

Assistive-listening systems (or assistive listening devices) use one of several technologies to amplify sound through a receiver, which could be a hearing aid, cochlear implant, or headset. The most popular are hearing loops, or induction loops, that pair with telecoils built into most hearing aids and allow wearers to tap directly into a sound system for clearer audio by bypassing background noise.

Providing hearing loops or other assistive listening systems in the workplace can make meetings and presentations easier to follow for hard-of-hearing employees. Even if they wear hearing aids, crowded and busy spaces may make it difficult to hear clearly. In one study, 13% of adults reported some trouble hearing while using hearing aids, so assistive listening devices can offer a helpful boost.

Keep in mind, though, that the majority of people who could benefit from hearing aids don’t wear them. Only about 14% of Americans with hearing loss use hearing aids, but they can still make use of assistive listening systems through a receiver and headphones.

Additional benefits of accessibility for hearing loss

Embracing solutions to make your workplace welcoming and accessible for employees with hearing loss will set it apart as a desirable work environment for hard-of-hearing talent and increase the efficiency of your team. But there are also downstream impacts of inclusion:

Attracting top candidates

In-demand talent — with or without hearing loss — can be selective about which employer to lend its skills, and companies that commit to DEIA have an edge, with 76% of job seekers saying that’s an important factor in evaluating job offers.

Appealing to values-driven customers and partners

Decision-makers care about the values they’re buying into, including DEIA. Partners and investors weigh Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) policy, as do a growing number of consumers and job candidates; 59% of consumers prioritize choosing businesses that actively promote diversity and inclusion. 

Reduce employee turnover

While solutions to welcome people with hearing loss in the workplace offer broad benefits, they’re not yet standard for many employers. Inclusive environments that set employees up for success and reinforce a sense of belonging encourage internal growth rather than leaving for positions at less accessible companies.

As we age, communication can become a challenge for many of us. While almost one out of every six American adults have some degree of hearing loss, it’s more prevalent with age. More than 30% of people 65 and older sustain hearing loss¹, while approximately 40% of those 75 and older experience hearing loss.

Adequate communication for seniors with hearing loss is crucial for maintaining strong social connections and emotional well-being. Captioned phones for seniors can be a lifeline.²

Aging comes with many major life changes, such as retirement, friend and family losses, and aging-associated illnesses, which can shorten a senior’s lifespan. With captioned phones, however, seniors can remain independent without needing to rely on others to facilitate communication.

Taking advantage of these telecommunication devices can also provide a semblance of safety (through alerts and 911 calls).³ Furthermore, a Pew Research study shows that more than 27% of US adults ages 60 and older live alone, the highest of any country around the world.⁴ Religious and cultural factors, as well as geographic location and socioeconomic status, can affect whether you’re more likely to be lonely as you age.

The rise in telecommunication technology has made it easier for seniors to maintain contact with loved ones. Whether you struggle to understand your family or to have an important conversation with your doctor, closed caption phones can bridge that communication gap and help you maintain strong social ties.

What are captioned phones?

A captioned phone is a telecommunication device that looks like a typical landline phone, but with a display screen above the keypad. The device transcribes the call in real-time while you listen and read the screen, enhancing your overall experience of the phone call.

Benefits of captioned phones for seniors

Following the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) approval of closed captioning for TV in 1976, funding to further telecommunication access for the Deaf and hard-of-hearing people continued with the Internet Protocol Captioned Telephone Service (IP CTS) between 2000 and 2007, along with video relay services. The FCC funds these telephone and internet telephone services through the Telecommunication Relay Services (TRS) Fund.⁵ It was only in 2003 when the first captioned telephone was released.

With these three benefits, captioned phones can be an effective booster of psychological health in seniors:

• Confidence: Using a captioned phone enables seniors with hearing loss to connect with anyone freely. Unlike before, they no longer need to avoid phone calls out of fear of missing any part of the conversation.
• Decreased social isolation: Easily communicating with loved ones at any time has proven to ease social isolation in seniors.⁶
• Better quality of life: As the telephone has been the central communication method throughout seniors’ lives using a captioned phone easily enhances their overall well-being.

Best captioned phone service for landline and mobile

Sorenson provides a range of telecommunication solutions aimed at Deaf and hard-of-hearing people, which can also benefit seniors with hearing loss. Here, we provide an overview of telecommunication products useful for seniors.

CaptionCall

CaptionCall is available for landline and mobile use and has no cost for people whose hearing loss makes captions necessary to use the phone. It’s the #1 phone call captioning service in America. Its practical features make it among the best captioned phones on the market.

The CaptionCall landline phone captioning service has several features that make it an ideal senior phone option:

• Hearing aid compatible
• Smooth scrolling captions (thanks to SilkScroll® technology)
• Adjustable settings
• Saved conversation and voice message transcripts
• Stored contact list
• Caption 911 calls
• English and Spanish captions

You can download CaptionCall Mobile (formerly Olelo) for Android and iOS. Some of the nifty features include:

• High accuracy
• Real-time captions
• Saved conversation transcripts
• Captioned voicemail
• English and Spanish captions
• Adjustable text size and color

You can download CaptionCall Mobile for iOS 15 and later, and Android 9 and later.

As a CaptionCall Mobile user myself, it feels very much like texting someone because the screen also displays your side of the conversation. You can switch the colors and text size, which I like. I’d rate the accuracy of the other person’s speech at 90%, complete with periods and commas, so you’re reading complete sentences.

How to qualify for a no-cost captioned phone service

A senior can qualify for CaptionCall service at no cost if they have hearing loss and need captions to communicate over the phone. The Telecommunication Relay Service (TRS)⁷ covers the cost of all captioned phone service for qualified people, and CaptionCall provides the caption phone or mobile app at no cost as part of your service.

Request CaptionCall service for your home or work phone, by completing the form. It’s not necessary for you to have landline phone service or high-speed internet.

You have three options for delivery and installation of CaptionCall:

1. Red Carpet Service: in-person installation and training
2. Remote installation: customer installs with live trainer on the phone
3. DIY installation: customer installs with virtual instructions

How to choose the right captioned phone for seniors

When you’re selecting a captioned senior phone, look for one that’s practical, user friendly, and fits your specific needs. Here’s what to consider:

• Read reviews. Choose a captioned phone based on user satisfaction and overall value.
• Determine your level of comfort with technology. If you’re not tech savvy, opt for a simple interface and a few features. You use CaptionCall just like a landline phone except you’re reading the conversation.
• Decide if you need landline, mobile, or both. You can use both. However, many people tend to use one more than the other. What you choose will depend on your lifestyle and your preferred communication mode. With CaptionCall and CaptionCall Mobile, you can have caption phone service at home, at an office, and on-the-go.
• Consider emergency features. Some phones come equipped with alert buttons and location tracking. These features can give peace of mind to you and your family members. CaptionCall and CaptionCall Mobile caption 911 calls and can help direct emergency services to your location.
• Look for built-in accessibility features. CaptionCall’s features include adjustable text size and color, and hands-free speakerphone.
• Quality customer service. Sorenson delivers high-quality customer service by offering Red Carpet Service for CaptionCall in-person installation and activation. Even better is the 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you don’t like your phone and want to return it, you can do so at no cost. Sorenson’s customer service is based in the U.S., meaning no struggling to understand people overseas.

Conclusion

We know that loneliness among seniors can significantly impact their mental and physical health, creating serious repercussions for global health. Captioned phone service can be a lifeline for seniors with hearing loss, helping them maintain social ties, independence, and stave off social isolation.

When choosing a captioned phone, it’s important to consider factors such as vision, emergency features, and familiarity with technology that meet your unique needs and preferences. The right captioned phone can breed self-confidence and an overall sense of well-being.

Experience the benefits of captioned phone service for the elderly by getting started with CaptionCall today. Take that first step toward improving your communication and well-being.

Request CaptionCall

Sources

1. Hearing Loss Statistics 2024: More Common Than You Might Think
2. Can Communication Technologies Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older People? A Scoping Review of Reviews
3. Aging Well: Helping the Elderly Maintain Independence
4. Older people are more likely to live alone in the U.S. than elsewhere in the world
5. FCC Broadens TRS Fund Contribution Formulas to Add Intrastate VRS and IP Relay Revenues; Updates TRS Contribution Factors
6. The Benefits of Social Technology Use Among Older Adults Are Mediated by Reduced Loneliness | Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking
7. Telecommunications Relay Services (TRS)

It is common for many people to thank members of the Armed Forces for their service. This is especially true around the major military-related holidays such as Veterans Day. We do so because we respect them and what they’ve done for our nation, both active-duty and Veterans.

We also recognize that they often put themselves at risk in the course of their military service. This is why, fair or not, this gratitude can be more heartfelt or be expressed more frequently when the Veteran has a visible disability such as scarring or the loss of a limb.

However, not all disabilities are visible, which we often forget. We tend to look at someone who is walking around without any visible issues as being “fine”. This is not always the case and that is especially true for Veterans.

Two hidden disabilities that are prevalent among Veterans are hearing loss and mental health. Both can have substantial impacts.

Is Veteran hearing loss common?

Hearing loss is one of the most common conditions among Veterans, particularly among those who have been exposed to loud noises and combat-related situations during their military service.¹ Loud noise from gunfire, explosions, machinery, and other military equipment can contribute to both temporary and permanent hearing damage.

According to the CDC, Veterans are 30% more likely to have severe hearing loss than a nonveteran.² More than 1.3 million Veterans received VA hearing loss disability compensation in 2020, and another 2.3 million for tinnitus.¹

This affects them in ways that may not be immediately obvious, such as employment. The Department of Labor reports that for the time period of October 2022 – September 2023 the employment rate of Veterans with a disability (5.1%) was slightly lower than that of nonveterans with a disability (7.1%) but significantly higher than that of Veterans with no disability (2.5%) and nonveterans with no disability (3.4%).³

Veterans of different eras may have varying levels of risk for hearing loss due to military service. For example, Veterans of World War II and the Korean War may have been exposed to noise levels that were not well-controlled, while modern Veterans from conflicts like Iraq and Afghanistan have had improved hearing protection and awareness.

This, unfortunately, does not completely remove or mitigate the risks inherent in being around these loud noises. Damaging noise levels often happen without warning while deployed.

Dave, an Army Veteran, explains, “The situation dictates, right? When we’re getting shot at or when things happen in theater, we can’t just go tell the enemy, ‘Hey, cease fire, wait ‘til we put our hearing protection in.’ Things are going to happen suddenly, and we can’t help that.” ⁴

Veterans with service-connected hearing disability can access VA benefits for hearing loss, including compensation and access to hearing healthcare. The VA encourages Veterans to undergo hearing evaluations and seek assistance if they believe they are experiencing hearing problems due to their military service. In fact, the VA is the largest employer of audiologists and speech-language pathologists in the United States.⁵

Mental health issues related to Veteran hearing loss

Veterans with hearing loss may be at an increased risk for a range of mental health issues that affect the Veteran community:

• Depression: Hearing loss can lead to feelings of isolation and social withdrawal, which are common triggers for depression. Veterans may struggle with the loss of communication and connection with loved ones, which can exacerbate depressive symptoms.^5,6,7
• Anxiety: The stress of coping with hearing loss, especially in social and work settings, can trigger anxiety. Veterans may worry about missing important information or being unable to effectively communicate with others, leading to heightened levels of anxiety.^5,7
• Communication difficulties: Hearing loss can hinder a person’s ability to communicate effectively, leading to frustration, anger, and a sense of helplessness. These emotions can contribute to mental health issues and may strain relationships.^5,7,8
• Social isolation and loneliness: Hearing loss can lead to social withdrawal and isolation, as individuals may avoid social gatherings due to communication difficulties. This isolation can worsen feelings of loneliness and contribute to mental health challenges.^5,7
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Many Veterans have experienced traumatic events during their service, and the added stress of hearing loss can exacerbate symptoms of PTSD.⁹

These issues can be complex and interrelated, impacting individuals’ overall well-being.

For Jeremy, a Marine Veteran, having to constantly ask his wife, children, and colleagues to repeat themselves caused stress and tension as it became clear he was struggling to hear. As Jeremy’s hearing grew worse — a problem he suspects arose from shooting weapons with inadequate ear protection while in the military and from closely editing sound in films — he says he began experiencing pseudo-auditory hallucinations, a side effect of tinnitus and hearing loss due to military service. He blames the decline in his hearing for ending his career in communications.

Jeremy was one of the many Veterans who hesitate to get help. He says he avoided talking to anyone about it or going to a VA medical center, fearing they would say he was crazy and because he wasn’t sure it would actually help. Had he known about the prevalence of hearing loss in the Veteran community, he might have sought help sooner.

“No one ever talks to us about how tinnitus and hearing loss affects Veterans. It’s worse at night when we’re tired and things around us are dark and quiet, and we’re so close to falling asleep; the experience can be absolutely terrifying.” ¹⁰

Many Veterans may experience a combination of side effects from hearing loss. Seeking professional help, including hearing loss treatment, therapy, or support groups may make it easier to manage these challenges. Several organizations offer resources specifically for Veterans. There are also tools available that can improve communication, which may help.

Ways to avoid isolation and social withdrawal

Veterans with hearing loss risk isolation if they use avoidance to cope with difficulty hearing, which can feed mental health problems. Instead, tapping into resources will help them maintain their social connections and engagement.

Seek appropriate treatment

Consult with a healthcare provider or audiologist to assess the extent of hearing loss and discuss treatment options. This may include hearing aids, cochlear implants, or other assistive devices.

If they’re struggling emotionally due to hearing loss, counseling or therapy can help address feelings of isolation, depression, or anxiety.

Use assistive devices and communication apps

Modern technology offers many options for people with hearing loss. As VA Audiologist John K. says, “Today everyone has things in their ears — ear buds and headphones — so the stigma of wearing hearing aids has diminished. We have state of the art hearing aids that are connected to people’s smart phones. The advanced technology has been a game changer.” ¹⁰

High-quality hearing aids or cochlear implants have come a long way in both fit and features, and they can significantly improve people’s ability to hear and communicate. Modern hearing aids often come with Bluetooth connectivity for convenient communication and compatibility with their devices.

When Jeremy’s community provider learned he was a Veteran and suggested he check out the VA audiology clinic, saying it was one of the best, he got past his fear, applied for VA health care, and made an appointment. “I was shocked. I received top of the line care and hearing aids with the latest technology that works with my phone, something I couldn’t afford on my own,” he said. His doctor also programmed his hearing aids to his individual hearing level and needs. ⁽¹⁰⁾

Communication apps and devices are also available for people with hearing loss. For example, Veterans who need captions of their phone calls because of their hearing loss are eligible for federally funded captioned phone services for home phone or mobile at no cost.

Video relay services are available for those who are Deaf or profoundly hard-of-hearing and use sign language.

Closed captioning can also fill in the gaps so people can continue to enjoy videos, movies, and television shows no matter what their hearing loss is.

Communication strategies

For hearing loss that is not significant enough to require hearing aids, learning effective communication strategies such as lip reading and visual cues can supplement hearing, especially when conversations are in loud environments such as restaurants or places with lots of background noise.

Veterans should educate friends and family about their hearing loss, its challenges, and how they can help. That could include speaking clearly and facing them when they talk to improve communication.

Join support groups

Connect with local or online support groups for individuals with hearing loss, including Veteran-focused groups. Many Veterans’ organizations offer support and activities tailored to Veterans with hearing loss.

These Veteran support groups may also host workshops or classes focused on hearing loss and communication skills that can build confidence in Veterans’ ability to communicate effectively despite hearing loss.

Remember that hearing loss is a common challenge, and there are many resources and strategies available to help Veterans stay connected and involved in their communities.

General mental health among Veterans

Hearing loss isn’t the only risk factor for mental health challenges among Veterans. Veterans — especially those who have served in combat — may experience mental health issues related to challenges they face during and after deployment. These mental health issues may begin during their service or pop up later. Some common mental health issues among Veterans are:

• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): PTSD is prevalent among Veterans who have been exposed to traumatic and life-threatening experiences during their service. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance (being especially alert to what is going on around them), and emotional numbness.¹¹
• Depression: Veterans may experience depression due to the stress of military service, difficult combat experiences, or the challenges of transitioning back to civilian life. Symptoms can be persistent sadness, fatigue, changes in appetite, and feelings of hopelessness.^13,14
• Anxiety: General anxiety, panic, and social anxiety can affect Veterans, often coming from the stress related to military life and deployment.^11,12,13
• Substance abuse: Some Veterans turn to drugs or alcohol as a way to cope with emotional and psychological challenges. Substance abuse can lead to addiction and worsen other mental health issues.^14,15

Every Veteran has their own story.

After three tours in Iraq, Duane says he struggled with PTSD and alcohol misuse upon reentering civilian life in 2012. When he realized he needed to change, he says part of the process was admitting he couldn’t do it himself. “It takes strength to know you can’t do it on your own,” he said. “We’re so focused on being individuals, we forget that we’re better as a team. That’s what mental health treatment is. It’s about finding a team that works for you.” ¹⁵

Getting treatment for mental health can help with other parts of recovery and treatment from injuries.

Chad served in the Marines, and on his last tour an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) blew up under his tank, shattering everything below his knees. Besides the medical issues, he says he also had PTSD.

He describes having so much pain he was taking painkillers just to walk and get out of bed and work. Connecting with a psychologist through the VA is what he credits with helping him through the decision to move forward with life-changing amputations. “I probably went two times a week for six months and I can’t believe how much that helped me,” Chad said. “It was a real relief. So by the time I had my surgery in January of 2008 for a double amputation, I was comfortable. I was ready.” ⁽¹⁸⁾

Mental health services are available through a number of organizations. Duane and Chad found teams that helped them tackle physical and mental trauma to lead happy, productive lives — so can other Veterans.

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Mental health resources for Veterans

Mental health resources for Veterans can assist in addressing the unique challenges after military service. Below are a few of the many mental health resources available to Veterans:

• Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Mental Health Services: The VA offers a wide range of mental health services, including counseling, therapy, and support groups. Veterans can access these services at VA medical centers and clinics.
• Veterans crisis line: The Veterans Crisis Line provides 24/7 support for Veterans in crisis. Call +1 (800) 273-8255 and press 1, or text 838255 to connect with trained professionals who can help.
• National Center for PTSD: This resource from the VA offers information on PTSD, including self-help tools, treatment options, and educational resources.
• Give an hour: This nonprofit organization offers free mental health services to military personnel, Veterans, and their families through a network of volunteer mental health professionals.

Veteran hearing loss resources

There are also many resources available to help Veterans address and manage their hearing loss. Here are some hearing loss resources for Veterans:

• Veterans Health Administration (VHA): The VHA provides comprehensive healthcare services to Veterans, including hearing healthcare. Veterans can receive hearing evaluations, hearing aids, and other related services through VHA facilities. The VHA website offers information on available services and how to access them.
• Hearing Loss Association of America (HLAA): While not exclusive to Veterans, HLAA is a valuable resource for individuals with hearing loss, including Veterans. Its website and local chapters can provide information and support.
• American Tinnitus Association (ATA): Tinnitus is a common issue associated with hearing loss, and many Veterans experience this condition. The ATA provides resources, support, and information about tinnitus.
• VA prosthetics and sensory aids service: This VA service provides hearing aids for Veterans, assistive listening devices, and other adaptive equipment to Veterans with hearing loss. It can help Veterans assess their needs and provide the necessary equipment and support.

Additionally, Veterans with hearing loss should also explore the resources and support that various Veterans’ service organizations and nonprofits offer. These organizations often have programs and services that can assist Veterans with hearing loss and other disabilities.

Sources

1. Veterans — Hearing Health Foundation
2. The Prevalence of Hearing Loss in Veterans
3. Veteran Unemployment Rates
4. Off the battlefield, many veterans face a new foe: damaged hearing
5. Hearing Loss
6. Depression and Hearing Loss — American Academy of Audiology
7. Veterans and Hearing Loss — Aspire Audiology
8. The impact of hearing impairment and noise-induced hearing injury on quality of life in the active-duty military population: challenges to the study of this issue
9. Co-occurrence of hearing loss and posttraumatic stress disorder among injured military personnel: a retrospective study
10. Veterans with Hearing Impairment Provided State-of-the Art Treatment Options | VA Maryland health care | Veterans Affairs
11. Veteran and Military Mental Health Issues
12. For Most Vets, ‘Transition Stress’ Is the Problem, not PTSD. Here’s What That Means.
13. VA.gov | Veterans Affairs
14. Substance use disorders in military veterans: prevalence and treatment challenges
15. Iraq War Veteran With PTSD Finds His Own Path to Peace
16. Four Stories That Will Inspire You This Mental Health Awareness Month

There’s a wide variety of earplugs on the market these days: different sizes, shapes, materials, and designs to suit a range of needs and situations. Some options are downright fashionable, as much accessories as they are functional. The broad selection means you can find earplugs to meet your specific needs, whether that’s hearing protection or simply some peace and quiet.

The options can be overwhelming, so we’ve broken it down and solicited a few audiologists’ advice to simplify your decision. We’ll cover considerations such as:

• Using earplugs for hearing protection
• What is NRR?
• Types of earplugs
• Use cases: earplugs for swimming, music, movies, shooting, swimming, and sensory overload
• Earplug fit and comfort

Decibels and hearing damage: what decibel level is harmful?

Let’s start with the most obvious reason you’d use earplugs: to protect your hearing in noisy environments.

We measure noise in decibels (dB); the higher the decibels, the louder the noise. For example, a still winter day in the woods would probably register 10 – 20 decibels. Compare that to a firetruck siren at 110 – 130 decibels.

dB vs dBA

If you start digging into the science of noise, you’ll come across both dB and dBA. Without geeking out too hard, dB is a measurement of decibels that includes frequencies humans don’t hear. To more accurately gauge the impact on our hearing, dBA is a weighted measurement of noise only in the range that humans can hear. That means the same sound can have a different dB and dBA.

What is noise-induced hearing loss

As a general rule, anything below 70 decibels won’t damage your hearing.

Exposure to noise levels above that, however, can cause temporary or permanent hearing loss. It’s called noise-induced hearing loss, and it can result from exposure to a single loud noise or prolonged exposure to noise that damages the sensitive parts of your inner ear that process and transmit sound waves.

Exposure to loud noise is one of the most common causes of hearing loss. About 19% of the world’s population has some degree of hearing loss, and those numbers are rising. Researchers estimate as much as 24% of American adults and 17% of teenagers have some degree of noise-induced hearing loss.

The higher the decibels, the shorter duration of exposure before you can damage your hearing. The following chart is a guideline for how long it takes for common noise levels to potentially cause hearing loss:

The good news is hearing loss from noise exposure is 100% preventable, and even if you already have some noise-induced hearing loss, you can prevent further damage by using hearing protection, like earplugs.

At what decibel level is hearing protection required?

You can gauge from the table above what decibel (dB) level is harmful. To avoid noise-induced hearing loss, you should use hearing protection for prolonged exposure to noise above 70 dB or even a short time in a very loud environment, like near a jackhammer.

Of course, it’s not realistic that you’ll know exactly how loud your surroundings are all the time…though, if you’re interested, you can get decibel meter or sound level meter apps for your smartphone. SoundPrint — which is also on our list of best hearing loss apps — is one example which not only includes a decibel meter, but allows users to submit the noise level of different locations to help others find quiet locations.

Do people with hearing loss need to wear earplugs?

“The volume never seems too loud to me. I have a hard time hearing as it is. Do I still need earplugs?”

Yes. If you have hearing loss, wearing high-fidelity earplugs in noisy places can actually help reduce background noise to allow you to better hear your conversation or music. And wearing any variety of earplug will help prevent further hearing loss.

If you’re concerned about using earplugs for hearing protection because of your existing hearing loss, custom hearing protection from a hearing healthcare provider/audiologist will be especially beneficial, and you may consider captioning as well. Live transcription apps for smartphones are also among our favorite hearing loss apps.

Understanding Noise Reduction Rating (NRR)

An obvious place to start in choosing the right earplugs is with Noise Reduction Rating (NRR). It’s going to be essential to your decision, whether you’re looking for earplugs for sleep, focus, or dangerous noise levels.

What is NRR?

Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) is a standardized measurement of the maximum amount a hearing protection device can reduce the intensity of noise (when used correctly), based on lab tests that factor in type of noise, frequency, and duration of exposure.

Conveniently, you’ll typically see NRR in decibels, so you can gauge whether an earplug will provide adequate noise reduction by subtracting its NRR from the noise level of your intended activity. For example:

• If you’re on a motorcycle, with a noise level around 100 dB, and you’re wearing earplugs with an NRR of 30 dB, your noise exposure works out to 70 dB. That puts your exposure at a safe level even for prolonged riding.
• If you share a bedroom with a loud snorer who’s sawing logs at 60 dB, and you’re using earplugs with an NRR of 20 dB, that reduces your noise exposure to the equivalent of the soft hum of a refrigerator.

When your goal in using earplugs is hearing protection, you should aim for an NRR that will reduce your noise exposure to a safe level, ideally 70 dB or lower.

Maximum possible NRR

If you’re looking for the best earplugs for noise reduction, you’re probably searching for the highest NRR out there, and you’re going to top out around 33 dB. For most use cases, that’s enough, but it won’t reduce very loud noise — like gunfire, heavy machinery, or explosions — to safe exposure levels. High decibel earplugs are a great place to start, and you have a couple options to better protect your hearing in very noisy environments.

Dual hearing protection

You can achieve an NRR above 33 decibels by combining two types of hearing protection. Most often, wearing foam earplugs and ear muffs together. However, when you double up on hearing protection, you don’t double your NRR. Using a second type of hearing protection will add roughly 5 dB of additional NRR. So if you add ear muffs while wearing earplugs with an NRR of 33 dB, you could get up to 38 decibels of total noise reduction.

Limit duration of noise exposure

If you can’t reduce your noise exposure to safe levels, reduce your length of exposure. When the noise in your environment averages above 70 dB, try to limit the time you spend around it.

For example, if you’re on your laptop and a construction crew is working nearby, making a lot of noise, move to another location where the noise is lower. Another example from Sorenson’s own audiologist Stephen DeMari: avoid positioning yourself right next to speakers at a concert; even with earplugs, that can be unpleasant.

Types of earplugs

Deciding on a type of earplug can be daunting. There are significant differences in NRR, comfort, and cost. To narrow down the selection, audiologist MarieAnn Z tells us her guidance is simple:

“Consider the situation you will be using the hearing protection, your expectations for hearing in noise (like a concert versus a work environment). Is this something you will use daily, weekly, monthly?”

While you have dozens of options varying in style, material, and cost, they boil down to a few basic categories:

Foam earplugs 

Low tech, low cost, and effective. These soft foam cylinders are readily available over-the-counter and have some of the highest noise reduction ratings (NRR) of any earplugs out there. You tightly roll the squishy foam before inserting and let them expand in your ear canal. These don’t play favorites with which sounds they block, so they make it difficult to hear speech (including your own) or music.

NRR: up to 33 decibels 

Pros:

• Excellent noise reduction ratings
• Affordable and widely available over-the-counter
• Comfortable for extended use
• Available in disposable or reusable options

Cons:

• Some users experience discomfort or ear pressure
• May not fit perfectly in all ear canals
• Not as green an option as long-term reusable varieties

Cost: typically $0.10 – $0.50 per pair for disposable options or $2 – $15 for a reusable pair, depending on the brand and features

NRR: 20 – 33 dB when properly inserted

Pre-molded earplugs 

These reusable earplugs come in a variety of materials — plastic, rubber, or silicone — as well as several sizes and designs, including fashionable styles. They’re easy to put in, with no rolling required, and may create less sensation of pressure in your ear than expanding foam.

This category can include high-fidelity (hi-fi) earplugs, also called uniform-attenuation earplugs. They have the same effect as turning down the volume on a stereo: the sound intensity decreases evenly across different pitches, so it’s not distorted. You might find high-fidelity earplugs especially helpful at movies or concerts so you can appreciate audio quality and speech.

Pros:

• Selection of sizes to better fit your ear canal
• Reusable and easy to clean
• Some create a watertight seal, making them suitable for swimming
• High-fidelity options
• Range of aesthetic options, including color and shape

Cons:

• May be more expensive than other non-custom earplugs
• Less noise reduction for extremely noisy environments
• Some users find them less comfortable for extended wear
• It’s possible for varieties with silicone tips to come loose and get stuck in your ear

Cost: may range from as low as $10 for basic options to as much as $50 for specialized and high-fidelity

NRR: 15 – 25 dB

Canal caps  

Canal caps come in both pre-molded and formable varieties. You can even get custom-made canal caps as well as over-the-counter. Their distinguishing features is a stiff band that applies light pressure to hold the earplugs in place while inserted, and when not in use can hang around your neck. That makes them a popular choice among users who alternate between needing hearing protection in noisy environments and needing to hear clearly.

Because canal caps can include both off-the-shelf or custom options as well as formable or molded earplugs, cost and NRR will vary.

Pros:

• A snug and secure fit
• Multiple options for different use case
• Custom and off-the-shelf varieties available

Cons:

• May be more expensive than basic foam earplug
• Limited size and shape options mean some users find them less comfortable for extended wear

Cost: a wide cost range, depending on features, intended use, and whether you opt for custom canal caps. Off-the-shelf, you may find a pair for as little as $5, while custom options may cost up $100 – $500.

NRR: varies by fit and material

Wax or silicone putty earplugs 

Wax or silicone putty earplugs are the most pliable variety of hearing protection, allowing you to shape them to your ears for a comfortable fit and a tight seal. However, wax or silicone isn’t the best material to insert into your ear canal, which limits the effectiveness of this type of earplug for noise reduction. Audiologist Stephen DeMari points out they’re still a better option than no hearing protection at all or shoving cotton or tissue in your ears.

Pros: 

• Mold to the shape of your ear, so you can adjust fit
• Can create a watertight seal for swimming and water-related activities

ble use while sleeping

Cons: 

• Less effective in very noisy environments
• Some risk of melting in ear canal

Cost: typically $2 – $10

NRR: 20-25 dB

Custom molded earplugs 

Custom earplugs from a hearing health professional are the top-tier option for hearing protection and comfort. The provider will take a mold of your ears to create a perfect fit for your ears specifically. You can also tailor the design, NRR, and noise filtering for your intended usage — for everything from sleep to construction work. Custom fit earplugs also typically allow you to choose their color, even including options like glitter, glow-in-the-dark, or marbling effects.

Pros: 

• Ideal fit for maximum comfort
• Fully customizable to your intended use and NRR needs
• High-fidelity options
• Lower risk of getting stuck in ears

Cons: 

• More expensive than most off-the-shelf options

Cost: $100 – $300+

NRR: 15 – 33 dB

If you consult a hearing health professional for custom hearing protection, you may also want to take the opportunity to test your hearing. If you already have some degree of hearing loss, an audiologist can recommend a holistic plan to protect you from further hearing loss and improve your day-to-day hearing as well.

If you have hearing loss that’s affecting your ability to use the phone and you need captions for your calls, your hearing health provider may suggest you sign up for no-cost phone call captioning using the CaptionCall Mobile app by Sorenson or CaptionCall by Sorenson for home phone.

Noise-cancelling earplugs 

In addition to conventional earplugs that physically block noise (noise-reducing earplugs), you also have the option to tap into digital technology in the form of noise cancelling earbuds. These electronically cancel out specific frequencies, like the hum of an airplane engine or the hubbub of a busy location. Because they can connect to your devices, noise-cancelling earplugs will also allow you to listen to audio through them while they remove background noise around you — earplug headphones.

Pros: 

• Counteracts bothersome frequencies
• Double as earphones for listening to audio

Cons: 

• Cost is higher than many other off-the-shelf earplugs and may be more expensive even than custom earplugs
• Don’t protect hearing from sudden loud noises
• Require batteries or charging
• Limited size and shape options mean some users find them less comfortable for extended wear

Cost: can range from $50 to $300+, depending on brand and features

Choosing the best earplugs for specific use cases

Earplugs for sleeping 

Comfort is critical when choosing earplugs for sleeping, and comfort will come down to a combination of material and fit. You’re likely to have the best luck with a soft material: foam, silicone, or wax.

Audiologist Marnie R. recommends that if you’re using earplugs primary for sleeping, size and shape are also worth considering:

“Sleeping plugs are most comfortable if they are made CIC style, just in the canal. The material should be somewhat softer than a standard earplug, so as not to cause discomfort if you are a side sleeper.”

To decide on an NRR, consider whether you want near-silence or need to be able to hear some sounds. For example, if you want to be able to hear a crying baby or are worried you won’t wake up to your alarm, you might choose an NRR in the mid to upper teens versus an NRR of 25 or above if you’re a light sleeper trying to drown out city noise or you share a room with someone who snores.

You can also try noise canceling earplugs for sleeping, but the firmer material may not be comfortable for side sleepers.

Earplugs for concerts, musicians, and movie theaters 

High-fidelity (hi-fi), or uniform attenuation, earplugs are going to be your best bet when you want to clearly hear audio while lowering the noise level. Pre-molded or custom fit earplugs offer this option, using filters to preserve sound quality and still lowering your noise exposure to prevent hearing damage.

For musicians or people who frequently attend concerts or movies, custom earplugs may be worth the investment for a perfect fit plus the ability to tailor them to your specifications for sound filtering.

As far as the NRR of earplugs for concerts, the decibel level of indoor live music can easily be more than 100 decibels, so you won’t regret an NRR of 25 of higher.

Earplugs for shooting 

When you’re looking for earplugs for the shooting range, go for maximum NRR. Either foam earplugs or custom earplugs with an NRR of 30+ are a must, and earmuffs on top of them is a good idea.

For hunting, it’s still important to protect your ears from the damaging decibel levels of gunfire, but it’s understandable you do want to be able to hear other sounds around you. Some companies make specialized electronic earplugs that can activate noise suppression when they detect loud noise, but amplify ambient sound when it’s quiet so you can hear what you need to.

Earplugs for focus, sensory overload, and audio sensitivity (hyperacusis and misophonia)

Individuals with sensory sensitivities, hyperacusis, or misophonia — including some people with autism or ADHD — notice significant benefit from using earplugs to reduce sensory overload or improve focus by blocking distracting noise.

What is hyperacusis? What is misophonia? And What’s the difference?

Hyperacusis is a heightened sensitivity to even everyday sounds that makes them seem louder to you than to everyone else, even to the point of hurting your ears.

Misophonia is an extreme dislike of certain noises, even at a normal volume, to the point that hearing them makes you agitated or downright angry. For example, hearing other people chew.

If you deal with hyperacusis or misophonia earplugs can stifle offending noises and offer a little peace.

Because you’re likely to wear these regularly and potentially for extended periods, comfort is likely to be a priority. Your most comfortable option is custom earplugs.

For a less expensive choice, foam, wax, or silicone putty earplugs are soft and bendable to the shape of your ear. These will block or muffle all noise, which may be exactly what you want.

You may prefer to block distracting or overstimulating ambient noise while still being able to clearly hear music or someone speaking to you, making high-fidelity custom or pre-molded varieties your best choice.

If your intended use is noise sensitivity and not hearing protection, noise cancelling earplugs may also work well for you.

Earplugs for swimming 

Swimming earplugs have one job: create a watertight seal to keep water out of your ears. But that doesn’t mean you can’t put them to work on two fronts. The best earplugs for swimming can also offer hearing protection to extend their usefulness.

Custom earplugs, wax, or well-fitting pre-molded earplugs can all seal off your ear canal from water. The custom or pre-molded route are reusable and can also offer hearing protection, so they’re an investment you’ll get double use of.

Just a one-off need because you forgot your molded earplugs? Wax or silicone putty are affordable and can do the job. Avoid foam earplugs for swimming because they’ll act like a sponge in the water.

Earplug fit and comfort

Remember that the effectiveness of earplugs also depends on proper fit and usage. No matter how much you spend on a set of earplugs or how high the NRR, they’re not going to give you the results you want if the fit isn’t right or you don’t have them inserted correctly.

Audiologist Marnie R. says nothing is more important than getting the right fit on your earplugs for comfort and effectiveness:

“I work with an office that does almost as much hearing protection as we do hearing aids. What we have found is that for those wanting hearing protection for hunting/concerts/construction...etc, the fit is extremely important…Custom built hearing protection works so much better than foam earplugs.”

Without investing in custom hearing protection, you can opt for foam earplugs or wax/silicone putty for their ability to form to the shape of your ear. The softness of the material means nearly anyone can squish the material to fit their ears.

With any earplugs, proper insertion will make or break their noise reduction and comfort. With foam plugs in particular, it’s important to follow the instructions, twisting them down to the narrow width you can fit in your ear canal and then letting them expand in your ear. Earplugs that comfortably fit deep in your ear canal will provide the most sound reduction.

DeMari suggests looking in a mirror or asking someone to look at you straight on. If your earplugs are visibly sticking out, they’re not in correctly.

Even in the case of fashionable pre-molded earplugs designed to be visible, they shouldn’t be hanging out of your ears. If you can’t wear them securely without discomfort, they’re not a good fit. Because no two people’s ears are quite the same size and shape, a molded earplug that comfortably fits someone else won’t necessarily fit you.

Material makes a difference not only in fit and use case, but also if you have allergies to plastics, silicone, or latex. If you have allergies to these common earplugs materials, you can ask a doctor or audiologist about alternative options.

Where to get earplugs 

Ultimately, the best choice of where to buy earplugs is going to come down to how you plan to use them.

From a hearing health provider

All of the audiologists we talked to agree that custom molded earplugs from a hearing health professional will give you the best fit for comfort and effective noise reduction. So for regular use — or if you struggle with earplugs that don’t fit your ears — they may be worth the investment.

To find a hearing health care provider, you can search through your health insurance directory, especially if you want to establish a relationship for hearing health care.

You can also look for providers in your area using an online directory like the one through Healthy Hearing to browse thousands of hearing health clinics.

Off-the-shelf

However, off-the-shelf options are perfectly acceptable for one-time or occasional use. You can find foam earplugs at a wide variety of retailers: hardware stores, pharmacies, department store chains, even some convenience stores carry them.

There’s a large selection of pre-molded earplugs and noise canceling earplugs online, but you can also find options from big box retail stores and specialty music stores.

Family is where it all begins. Those are the people who shape us and our worldview. They’re our first and most important relationships. They teach us to communicate. When hearing loss or deafness adds complexity to our family, we don’t give up on connection: we make it work.

We’re going to explore how a variety of families connect across different hearing statuses and the information and resources to support mixed hearing communication:

• Categories of hearing loss
• Communication in hard-of-hearing/hearing families
• Communication in Deaf/hearing families
• What is a Coda
• Everyday Deaf and hard-of-hearing communication solutions

What are the different categories of hearing loss?

According to the National Library of Medicine: ¹

A hearing loss of up to 20 decibels below the hearing threshold is still considered to be normal hearing. More severe hearing loss can be described according to severity, as follows:

• Mild hearing loss: Hearing loss of 20 to 40 decibels.
• Moderate hearing loss: Hearing loss of 41 to 60 decibels.
• Severe hearing loss: Hearing loss of 61 to 80 decibels.
• Profound hearing loss or deafness: Hearing loss of more than 81 decibels.

Hard-of-hearing is a loss between mild to moderate on this scale,² where there may be enough residual hearing that an auditory device, such as a hearing aid, benefits the individual.³ These people may struggle with a quiet or typical conversation.

The profound hearing loss that qualifies as medical deafness equates to very little or no functional hearing.³

For perspective, these are the decibel levels of some common sounds

• Quiet conversation: 40 dB
• Normal conversation: 60 dB
• Traffic: 80 dB
• Industrial noise: 100 dB
• Very loud music, for example at a rock concert or a nightclub: 120 dB
• Nearby thunder: 120 dB
• Jet engine: 140 dB

The only way to accurately measure a hearing loss of specific decibels is a hearing loss test. An audiologist can perform a variety of hearing loss tests and can recommend treatment or technology that may make everyday life and communication easier.

Communication in hard-of-hearing and hearing families

More than 37 million Americans say they have some trouble hearing, and it’s more common with advancing age.

There are a lot of people out there who don’t have perfect hearing, especially in older generations. The greatest amount of hearing loss is in the 60-69 age group⁴. Many of them are used to being able to hear and speak normally for most of their lives and start experiencing hearing loss at some point. Young and middle-aged adults are developing hearing loss at a higher rate than previous generations, largely due to noise exposure, including listening to media at a high volume through ear buds or headphones.⁵

People new to hearing loss often are embarrassed, apologetic, or in denial. These feelings may present additional challenges in communicating even with the people closest to them. But many families include someone with hearing loss, and they adjust to get through to each other:

• Speaking slowly and clearly, facing the person when possible if it helps them to read lips.
• Sitting/standing on someone’s “good side” in cases where someone has more hearing in one ear than the other, if they desire.
• Limiting background noise while talking.
• Practicing patience to give clarification when necessary.
• Using technology, including hearing aids, call captioning services, closed captioning, and apps.

Irene

On the other end of the spectrum is Irene, who was relieved at her recent diagnosis of “hidden hearing loss”/Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD) after 47 years of not “knowing that what I was inadvertently struggling with could be managed with hearing aids.” She says for decades her hearing loss affected how she interacted with her family. “More than anything it’s been incredibly annoying. I was diagnosed … about 6 weeks ago. I ‘heard’ just fine but didn’t always understand.”

“I did not realize that I had any hearing issues until I kept using CC (closed captions) while watching TV. I was struggling to parse out different instruments while listening to music, and I had trouble hearing/understanding others while in conversation. I currently use hearing aids and keep the CC on. The hearing aids are Bluetooth, which is pretty cool and easy to manage.”

Irene is part of a growing trend of young and middle-aged people who use hearing aids to improve their quality of life and communication.⁶ They’re defying years of stigma attached to hearing loss and generating mainstream demand for assistive technology. “Oddly enough,” Irene adds, “now that I know what makes it harder for me to understand, I have zero shame in telling others. If I can help others in a similar situation, I will do it!”

She says figuring out her hearing situation has eased the frustration of trying to connect with people she cares about and enhanced her daily life. “Please, please get your hearing checked, and not just the standard test. Ask about CAPD and ask that you get tested for it. Now that I can hear and understand so much better, my burden is so much lighter. I had no idea how much mental energy I was using on a day-to-day, existing basis. I had no idea that music is so much more vast and colorful!”

Communication in Deaf and hearing families

There can be wide variations in communication methods in Deaf/hearing families to fit the preferences of Deaf people who are oral (speaking with their own voice and listening with the assistance of devices such as hearing aids or simply lipreading) or use signed languages as well as the language skills and hearing ability of their loved ones.

More than 90% of Deaf children have hearing parents⁴ — and, likewise more than 90% of Deaf parents have hearing children⁷ — so Deaf, hearing, and hard-of-hearing people learn to connect across hearing status with their own family members.

Yuliya

Yuliya is Deaf and is the only person with hearing loss in her birth family. Her husband is Deaf but they accommodate her hearing family. “None of my family members sign. My kids sign, but the adult members of my family don’t. I speak with them. I am used to it — I grew up oral. I was not really exposed to Deaf culture while growing up. When I went to college, I was exposed more to Deaf culture, the history, the language, etc., and I loved it.”

Yuliya’s children are Codas and she sees the mixture of cultures and languages in them. “My children are mostly in the Deaf culture right now because they are still pretty young and are just with my husband and me. They communicate with us through sign language. But when they see the hearing members of my family, they will use their voice, so we’ll see how things change (which culture they feel most part of) as they get older.”

What is a Coda?

With the success of the 2022 movie, CODA, this term has been in the media more. Coda (sometimes “CODA” or “coda”) stands for Child of Deaf adults. A Coda may have one Deaf parent or both, or a legal guardian raising them who is Deaf.⁸

90% of Codas are hearing. These people frequently navigate between Deaf and hearing culture as they grow up in much the same way as a child born to immigrants navigates between the culture of the country in which they live and the culture of their parents’ countries of origin. Codas frequently feel they are a part of Deaf culture even though they are not Deaf themselves.

Gregg

Gregg is a Coda — he has Deaf parents and a Deaf Aunt, uncle, cousin, and niece. He signs with his Deaf family members. He occasionally will use his voice with his mom, who has some hearing, just to get her attention and then he will sign after that. He both talks and signs with his niece, who has some hearing and wears Cochlear Implants, a version of hearing aids. He adds, “Because I can sign, I tend not to use Video Relay Services. I will text or use apps where I can sign.”

“Culturally I feel half and half. I feel the connection with my family, friends, people I grew up with. But I am also part of the hearing culture.”

Rosa

Rosa is also a Coda. On her dad’s side, he is the only one that has a hearing loss. On her mom’s side, there are many Deaf relatives — grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins — mixed in with the hearing relatives. “My parents are both Deaf,” Rosa said, “so it was just part of our life growing up. We’d go to events at the Deaf school such as football games and basketball games. We’d also go to other community events like Deaf bowling nights. And of course, we’d go to our parents’ friends’ or they’d come to our place.”

She said, “Our family only signs. My mom can’t hear at all so she was pretty strict about us signing instead of speaking when we were growing up, and it’s just normal now.” She keeps up easily with her family via text and FaceTime.

Britnee

Britnee is hard-of-hearing and has a Deaf mother and hearing father. Her brother is Deaf and her grandparents on both sides are Deaf. She says her communication methods depends on who she is talking to and what the situation is. Her hearing is good enough with hearing aids that she can talk verbally with hearing family members who don’t sign well. She signs with the other Deaf people in her family. If she is talking with a hearing family member who does not sign well and a Deaf member enters the room, she will start signing.

Britnee says mixed influences growing up have shaped how she identifies and communicates with the people around her. She attended a mainstream elementary school and junior high with hearing peers. Then in high school, she went to a school for the Deaf. She uses a hearing aid when she is around hearing people out in the community or with hearing family members but when she is at home, she generally takes them off.

“For the longest time I identified mostly as hard-of-hearing because I can hear pretty good and can speak and that is what others see me as. But lately I have started to identify more as Deaf since I started working at my current job. Really, I decide if I am Deaf or hard-of-hearing depending on the perception I want to create, how I want to communicate my specific words, and sometimes just my mood.”

Everyday Deaf and hard-of-hearing communication solutions

Communication is not only face-to-face, and families rely on phone and internet services to connect when they’re apart. For decades, that presented additional challenges for families who use sign language, read lips, and have difficulty hearing over the phone. But now, there are many services available to the Deaf and hard-of-hearing for communication and accessibility:

Video Relay Service

Video Relay Service (VRS) is a no-cost service Deaf or hearing people can call where the hearing person in the middle is a qualified ASL interpreter who signs with the Deaf person and speaks with the hearing person.

Videophones

A videophone is a standalone device that connects to the internet and streams both video and audio. It’s one of the devices Deaf individuals can use to make video relay calls to hearing people. The first videophones had basic dialing/ringing/answering functions and a contact list to save phone numbers. Nowadays videophones designed for the Deaf — such as the latest videophone from Sorenson, the Lumina — are more sophisticated. Some of the newest features are the ability to leave a video message (similar to voicemail), change the UI to Spanish, linking multiple devices to one VRS phone number, and customizable light-ring settings (similar to ringtones).

Computers with webcams

While videoconferencing apps such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams existed before COVID, the COVID-19 pandemic prompted an explosion in their popularity. Many businesses used these apps to continue operating. They also found widespread usage in families and friends who wanted a way to see each other when they were not able to visit in person. The arrival of Sorenson VRS for Zoom in Spring 2023 offered a new level of functionality for Deaf and hearing conversation, allowing an interpreter to join the meeting as a participant for fluid interpreter communication with everyone on the same screen.

Smartphones with cameras and videoconferencing capabilities

There are many smartphone apps that offer accessibility benefits for the Deaf and hard-of-hearing allowing users to pick and choose what’s helpful to them. For Deaf smartphone users, front-facing cameras introduced a wave of videoconferencing apps. Those apps include mobile VRS applications, like ntouch, so Deaf users can make and receive calls anywhere they take their phone.

Captioned phone calls

Phone call captioning (IP-CTS) is a no-cost service for hard-of-hearing people who need captions to use the phone. It provides real-time captions of their phone conversations on a specialized caption phone or a smartphone app.

CaptionCall by Sorenson and CaptionCall Mobile are both no-cost call captioning products. With CaptionCall, eligible users can sign up even without home internet service.

Hearing aids

Hearing aids were the first “technology” to improve communication for people with hearing loss, and they have transformed over the years. Some hearing aids are now so small they’re practically invisible in your ears.

About two percent of adults aged 45-54 have disabling hearing loss, meaning they could benefit from hearing aids. That number trends upward with age: 8.5 percent of adults aged 55 – 64, 25 percent of adults aged 65 – 74, and 50 percent of adults aged 75+ have a disabling hearing loss that hearing aids may help with.⁴

The vast majority of people who could benefit from hearing aids do not use them. Only 30% of adults 70+ in that category has ever used them and only 16% of qualifying adults 20 – 69 have ever used hearing aids.⁴

Many recent hearing aid models now have Bluetooth technology which allows users to pair them with other technology such as their smartphones or captioning phones.

Effort is the biggest factor in hard-of-hearing, hearing, and Deaf communication

Communication is critical to understanding. When the desire and effort is there, a shared language is not a necessary starting place. The effort you put into trying to communicate leads to greater understanding and a broader knowledge of other people. Personal stories suggest most of us aspire to connect beyond words.

We see the same adaptability in communication across hearing abilities in immigrant communities. When families span geography for various reasons — moving for a better life, escaping a bad situation, or uniting people from different backgrounds — and have children, those children typically are quick to learn new languages through exposure at school or friends. They can be a great example to the rest of us of how doing ones best to communicate can benefit all of us.

Putting forth the effort to communicate with people who may not hear or communicate the same way you do is a statement of value. Work together to make those connections. There are many apps available to communicate. There’s always good old paper and pen. And, if all else fails, gestures can be useful. Many are universal concepts: eat, drink, sleep, cry, laugh, love.

This concept is the one that matters with communication — if we care enough about each other, we’ll figure it out. Every family with Deaf, hearing, and hard-of-hearing people has proven that if you’re caring, patient, and willing to try, there are no insurmountable obstacles to connection across language and hearing ability.

Sources

1. Quick Statistics About Hearing, Balance, & Dizziness
2. Understanding the degrees of hearing loss
3. Child of deaf adult
4. NAD — Community and Culture – Frequently Asked Questions
5. Questions: How are the terms deaf, deafened, hard of hearing, and hearing impaired typically used?
6. The experiences of cypriot hearing adults with deaf parents in family, school, and society
7. Telecommunications device for the deaf
8. There’s an Increased Risk of Hearing Loss in Young People
9. Hearing Aids Are Changing. Their Users Are, Too.

 
The most common service-connected disabilities for American Veterans are hearing loss and tinnitus, which is a ringing or buzzing in the ears. An estimated 3.6 million Veterans receive compensation for hearing loss or tinnitus.¹ And this impacts Veterans from every war from World War II through the Korean, Vietnam, and Gulf Wars, as well as those who served during peace time.

Compared to the general male population, 11% fewer male Veterans have good to excellent hearing while 10% more have at least moderate trouble hearing.²

Both hearing problems and tinnitus can impact quality of life and communication. Both also contribute to isolation, frustration, and even depression without intervention.

We sat down with audiologist Stephen DeMari, who is also Sorenson’s director of business development and education, to talk about Veterans and hearing loss due to military service.

Why talk to Stephen about hearing loss in Veterans?

Stephen has more than 30 years of experience in the audiology and hearing aid industries. He earned his master’s degree in audiology from Syracuse University. He then completed a clinical and research audiologist fellowship at the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Long Beach, California. He’s a member of both the American Academy of Audiology and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.

Q: Do Veterans have different types of hearing loss than the general population? 

A: No. There are different types of hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss occurs in the outer and/or middle ear. It can be caused by debris, excess ear wax, disease, or trauma.

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), results from noise exposure, age, disease, or a combination of these. It involves the inner-ear and/or auditory nerve. It’s usually the result of damage to the hair cells in the inner ear. Severity of SNHL can be mild to profound.

SNHL is the most common type of hearing loss for Veterans and non-Veterans. Veterans most commonly suffer from high-frequency SNHL, which means they struggle to hear high-pitched sounds.

Q: What are some of the causes of hearing loss for Veterans? 

A: Hearing is a complex mix of three parts of our ears. Sound waves vibrate tiny bones in our ears and those vibrations create waves that interact with hair cells in our ear and create an electric signal that the brain interprets as sound.

That’s a very basic and abbreviated description. The complexity of it creates a number of opportunities for aging, noise exposure, disease, and heredity to affect hearing. Still, the most common cause of hearing loss is loud noise.

Hearing loss for service members results from gunfire, aircraft, tanks, bombs, and trauma from blast explosions. With noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), the longer the exposure and the more intense sound, the greater the damage that occurs.

A lawn mower has a decibel level of about 95, while military guns range in the 150 decibels. Grenades and louder explosives can exceed 170 decibels.  Anti-tank fire can approach 190 decibels. A single grenade or tank blast can cause immediate and permanent hearing loss. Anything over 140 decibels instantly damages nerves. Exposure to 130 decibels can cause permanent damage with as little as 30 minutes of exposure.
Q: What are some of the symptoms a veteran may experience with hearing loss or damage? 

A: Symptoms depend on the severity of impact. Tinnitus isn’t hearing loss but a sensation of ringing, buzzing, clicking, or even roaring in one or both ears. It can seem like an engine or appliance is always running nearby. For some people, it’s loud and persistent enough to be debilitating.

A feeling of fullness in the ears can be a symptom of hearing loss. It can feel something like needing to pop your ears when you go up in elevation. Other symptoms of general hearing loss include:

• Asking people to repeat themselves or misunderstanding what they say
• Needing the television volume louder than normal
• Difficulty understanding speech, especially in the presence of background noise
• Fatigue after conversation, which results from struggling to listen
• Missing the phone or doorbell ringing

With high-frequency SNHL, Veterans might struggle to hear consonants. Speech will sound like mumbling.

Often, it’s the people a veteran interacts with who first notice a change in a veteran’s hearing.

Q: Does hearing loss only affect older Veterans? 

A: Hearing loss can affect Veterans of any age. It can also affect them while still actively serving. As I mentioned, exposure to a loud enough sound, such as tank fire, can damage hearing immediately and permanently. And as we grow older, our cognitive ability to understand speech naturally declines, as does our hearing sensitivity.

If exposed to sustained, unprotected noise levels during combat or training, a service member can experience hearing loss and/or tinnitus. High-frequency SNHL is the most common form among Veterans, old and young.

Q: Are there things Veterans and active-duty service members can do to prevent hearing loss? 

A: The only preventative methods are avoiding the noise and wearing hearing protection when possible. Ear plugs offer 30 to 40 decibels of attenuation (sound reduction). The military does buy and provide a lot of ear plugs. Earmuffs — like the headphones you see naval servicemen wearing — are another option. Some helmets also have built in hearing protection. Over time though, even with hearing protection, loud noise can damage hearing.

These devices help during active duty, but a veteran exposed to loud noises who didn’t have these options has likely already suffered damage. And even though they may not yet have symptoms of NIHL, their hearing may have been damaged. Options there include Veterans Health Administration (VHA) programs that offer further NIHL prevention and aural rehabilitation services to optimize remaining hearing.

Definitely, any inactive veteran should take the same precautions to protect their hearing as everyone should by avoiding loud noise and wearing hearing protection when using power equipment.

There are a variety of things anyone can do to naturally protect their hearing.
Q: What can vets do if they’re experiencing symptoms of hearing loss and/or tinnitus? 

A: It’s important to see an audiologist. A vet can do that through their local Veterans Affairs Medical Center (informally called the VA). The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs website is a great place to start if you don’t know your local VA yet.

In some cases, the effects of tinnitus can be alleviated by a hearing aid or tinnitus program.

Q: Can a vet just see their non-VA doctor or audiologist?

A: Vets can see any doctor they choose. If they qualify for the Veteran’s Choice Program, their care for a covered non-VA doctor is covered under their VA benefits. The potential advantage of using a VA medical facility is that those practitioners specialize in helping Veterans with issues, including hearing loss, due to military service.

Q: Are VA audiologists licensed professionals? 

A: Yes. Each of the over 1,000 audiologists employed by the VA must hold a state license and participate in continuing education according to state regulations. And the Veteran’s Health Administration (VHA) operates the nation’s largest audiology program with audiologists at 400 locations.  So, whether a vet chooses their own provider or a VHA provider, they have access to excellent care.
Q: How do Veterans get a hearing test with the VA? 

A: Once enrolled for medical services at a VA facility, they can arrange for an audiometric test. If they’re deemed eligible for hearing aids, they’ll be scheduled for a fitting as well.

Many hearing aids can be adjusted remotely through the VA’s live video conferencing service, VA Video Connect. Veterans can contact their nearest VA audiology clinic to see if telehealth visits are available in their area.

Q: Do VA benefits cover hearing tests, hearing aids, and cochlear implants?

A: They do if the hearing loss is related to military service. Vets can get their hearing aids, hearing aid batteries, and related appointments covered under their VA benefits.

The VA also covers cochlear implants, which are devices that are surgically placed in the skin and used with an external device to transmit sound directly to the auditory nerve. Cochlear implants are sometimes the only option when hearing loss is significant enough or beyond the scope of hearing aids.

If a vet’s hearing loss is deemed to not be service-connected, Medicare may pay for hearing aids for older vets.

Q: Does the VA provide the latest hearing aids and cochlear implants? 

A: Yes. For eligible vets, the VA dispenses hearing aids from the top six manufacturers, GN Resound, Oticon, Phonak, Siemens (Signia), Starkey, and Widex. The devices provided by the VA are actual premium devices that sale for the highest prices in the non-veteran sector.

They also offer cochlear implants from three FDA-approved cochlear implant manufacturers, Cochlear Corporation, Advanced Bionics, and MedEl.

Q: Does the VA offer other hearing solutions for vets?

A: Yes. The VA also offers FM systems, which are frequency modulated (FM) systems. With such a system, someone speaking wears a small microphone that is transmitted to a receiver worn by the person with hearing loss. The transmitter can even be attached to a hearing aid.

Vets also have access to TV amplifiers and transmitters, remote microphones, and internet protocol (IP) captioned telephone service through the VA and other programs and based on their needs.

A TV amplifier works like an FM system but with a TV.

Q: What else can Vets do about hearing loss?

A: There are a variety of tools available to anyone with hearing loss. There are smartphone apps designed to assist with hearing loss, including captioning apps. [*Some no-cost apps have user eligibility standards].

Captioning apps are available. And captioned telephone service uses either a specially designed phone or a smartphone to turn spoken phone conversations into readable captions. Captions on a TV or show can also help. Studies have shown that captions can help with comprehension, even when someone wears hearing aids.

There are also aural rehabilitation programs, including some offered by the VA, designed to help reduce or compensate for hearing loss.

Support groups and organizations are also available to help Veterans with hearing loss, including HLAA Veterans Across America Virtual Chapter (VAAVC).

Whether a vet has symptoms of hearing loss, practicing good hearing hygiene is always a good idea as well.

Q: How can Veterans get captioned telephone service for hearing loss? 

A: Sorenson and other providers offer captioned telephone service to vets and others with hearing loss that requires they have captions to use the phone effectively.

Sorenson offers both CaptionCall and CaptionCall Mobile app by Sorenson to help vets with hearing loss stay connected. CaptionCall transcribes phone conversations using a specially designed phone with a screen for captions. CaptionCall Mobile is a smartphone app that captions calls on a mobile phone.

Vets can ask their audiologist about this no-cost service or visit Sorenson — Global Communications Solutions for People, Businesses, and Enterprises to learn more.

Request CaptionCall by Sorenson for your home

Download the CaptionCall Mobile app

Q: How do Veterans qualify for captioned telephone service? 

A: Captioned telephone service is available at no-cost to anyone with hearing loss that necessitates the use of captioned telephone service to use the phone effectively. Vets who meet this eligibility requirement can access the service through their audiologist by self-certifying they need it when they enroll.

Q: Do Veterans need to have internet access to use CaptionCall or CaptionCall Mobile service? 

A: No. Anyone who qualifies, including Veterans, can get captioned telephone service without internet access on select phones. And all that’s needed to use the CaptionCall Mobile app is a Wi-Fi connection or mobile (cellular) data connection.